Encyclopedia
of Retirement and Finance
Lois A. Vitt, Editor-in-Chief
Consulting Editors: E. Craig MacBean
and Jurg K. Siegenthaler
Associate Editors: Jamie Losikoff-Kent, Candace D. Jenkins, Mary
Helen McSweeney, Julie Overton, Sandra L. Reynolds, M. Shelton Smith,
Denise Talbot-White
Managing Editors: Ingrid Carlson, Jay Schweig
Introduction by: Dallas L. Salisbury
Forward by: Yung-Ping Chen. ISBN: 0-313-32495-6 Price: $149.95 Purchase
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About
the Contributors
NOTE: The opinions expressed in
the articles in the Encyclopedia of Retirement and Finance are those
of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the agencies
or organizations with which they work or are affiliated.
- W. Andrew Achenbaum, Ph.D., Professor of History
and Social Work, University of Houston, Houston, TX
- Laura Addington, C.F.M., M.S.F.S., Addington Financial
Group, Greenville, TX
- Michele C. Adler, M.P.H., Social Security Administration,
Office of Disability and Income Security Programs, Office of Program
Development and Research, Baltimore, MD
- Linda Albert, Ph.D. Candidate, University of South
Florida, Department of Gerontology, Tampa, FL
- John Ameriks, Ph.D., TIAA-CREF Institute, New York,
NY
- Carol Anderson, M.S., President, Money Quotient,
Inc., Poulsbo, WA
- James A. Anderson, Ph.D., College of Weekend Studies,
Jacksonville University, Jacksonville, FL
- Sia Arnason, Ph.D., Codirector, Samuel Sadin Institute
on Law, Brookdale Center on Aging of Hunter College, City University
of New York, New York, NY
- William Arnone, Partner, Emst & Young LLP, New
York, NY
- Barry K. Baines, M.D., Medicare Medical Director,
UCare Minnesota; Associate Medical Director, Hospice of the Twin Cities;
CEO, The Legacy Center, Minneapolis, MN
- Victor S. Barocas, Managing Director, Strategic
Management Group, LLC, Chicago, IL
- Thomas D. Begley, Jr., J.D., Begley & Bookbinder,
PC, Morristown, NJ
- Hubert Bermont, Consultant on Career Consulting,
Princess Anne, MD
- Leigh Bernstein, J.D., Fleming & Curti, Tucson,
AZ
- Robert H. Binstock, Ph.D., Professor of Aging, Health,
and Society, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland,
OH
- Karen Brelsford, Adjunct Faculty, Financial Planning
Division, Howard Community College, Columbia, MD
- Kenneth A. Bretthorst, Chairman, First St. Louis
Securities, St. Louis, MO
- Clifton D. Bryant, Ph.D., Professor, Department
of Sociology, Virginia Tech University, Blacksburg, VA
- Veronica M. Bukowski, C.P.B.A., C.P.V.A., Bukowski-Stanton
Associates, New Hope, PA
- Jon E. Burkhardt, Senior Study Director, WESTAT,
Rockville, MD
- Cathleen Bumett, Ph.D., Department of Sociology/Criminal
Justice and Criminology, University of Missouri, Kansas City, MO
- Sean Cahill, Ph.D., Director, NGLTF Policy Institute,
New York, NY
- John W. Callinan, J.D., Attorney-at-Law, Wall, NJ
- W. Donald Campbell, M.B.A., Consultant in Finance
and Housing, Falls Church, VA
- Kathleen Carlisle, Vice President of Marketing/Public
Relations, Tech Federal Credit Union, Roanoke, VA
- Andrew Carswell, Ph.D. Candidate, Visiting Assistant
Professor, University of Georgia, Department of Housing and Consumer
Economics, Athens, GA
- Pinar Cebi, Ph.D., Research Associate, American
Council for Capital Formation, Washington, DC
- Susan M. Chambre, Ph.D., Professor of Sociology,
Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, NY
- Hong-Bin Chen, M.D., Ph.D., Assistant Director,
State Data Center on Aging, Florida Policy Exchange Center on Aging,
University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
- Yung-Ping Chen, Ph.D., Frank J. Manning Eminent
Scholar's Chair, Gerontology Institute, University of Massachusetts,
Boston, MA
- Zhan (Sandy) Chen, M.S., Ph.D. Candidate, Associate
Professor, Department of Consumer Sciences and Retailing, Purdue University,
West Lafayette, IN
- Alfred J. Chiplin, Attorney-at-Law, National Senior
Citizens Law Center, Washington, DC
- Rachel Christensen, M.P.H., Employee Benefit Research
Institute, Washington, DC
- David L. Christopherson, Ph.D., C.LU., G.R., St.
Cloud State University, St. Cloud, MN
- Elizabeth Clemmer, Ph.D., AARP Public Policy Institute,
Washington, DC
- Christine Cody, R.N.C., M.S.N., Vice President,
Professional Education/Innovation, National Hospice and Palliative Care
Organization, Alexandria, VA
- John Collins, Ph.D., Professor of Religion, Wake
Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
- Francis P. Conner, A.C.S.W., L.M.S.W., Department
of Sociology, West Georgia College, Carrollton, GA
- Fay Lomax Cook, Ph.D., Director, Institute for Policy
Research, Professor of Human Development & Social Policy, Northwestern
University, Evanston, IL
- Stephanie Cory, M.S.G., Research Assistant, University
of Southern California, Andrus Gerontology Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Nancy J. Cox, M.S. W., Director, Partners in Caregiving,
Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Medicine, Wake Forest University
School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC
- Stephen Crystal, Ph.D., Research Professor and Chair,
Division on Aging, Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging
Research, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ
- Neal E. Cutler, Ph.D., Boettner/Gregg Chair in Financial
Gerontology, Widener University, Chester, PA
- Teri Daniel, President & Owner, InsideOut HR
Solutions PLLC, Ashland, KY, and Instructor, College of Business, Marshall
University, Huntington, WV
- Michele F. Davis, Associate Director of Education,
TIAA-CREF Institute, New York, NY
- Sharon A. DeVaney, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department
of Consumer Sciences and Retailing, Purdue University, West Lafayette,
IN
- Tracv Dietz, Ph.D., Department of Sociology &
Anthropology, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL
- Patricia E. Dilley, Professor, University of Florida,
Levin College of Law, Gainesville, FL
- C.L. (Tim) Dimos, Attorney-at-Law, Middleburg, VA
- Andrew Quang Do, Ph.D., Professor of Finance, Department
of Finance, College of Business Administration, San Diego State University,
San Diego, CA
- Kenneth J. Doran, Attorney-at-Law, Doran Law Offices,
Madison, Wl
- Karen Duggan, C.A., Canadian Institute of Chartered
Accountants, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Michael E. Edleson, Ph.D., Senior Vice President
and Chief Economist, NASDAQ, Rockville, MD
- Chip Eubank, C.F.P., Eubank Financial Group, Dallas,
TX
- Ann E. Fade, R.N., J.D., Choice in Dying, Inc.,
New York, NY
- Mark Fagan, Ph.D., Department of Social Work, Jacksonville
State University, Jacksonville, AL
- Ronald A. Fatoullah, Esq., Ronald Fatoullah &
Associates, Great Neck, Forest Hills, and Brooklyn, NY
- Charles H. Fay, Ph.D., Professor of Human Resources,
Chairman of HRM Department, School of Management and Labor Relations,
Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ
- Lucy Rose Fischer, Ph.D., Independent Consultant,
St. Louis Park, MN
- Paul Fronstin, Ph.D., Employee Benefit Research
Institute, Washington, DC
- Heather J. Gibson, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Department
of Recreation, Parks and Tourism, University of Florida, Gainesville,
FL
- Stephen M. Golant, Ph.D., Department of Geography,
University of Florida, Gainesville, FL
- Jordan E. Goodman, President, Amherst Enterprises,
Ltd., and Proprietor, www.moneyanswers.com, Scarsdale, NY
- Roberta Gosier, Owner/Director, Help Unlimited,
Inc., Silver Spring, MD
- Mathew Greenwald, Ph.D., Mathew Greenwald &
Associates, Inc., Washington, DC
- Rebecca Gronvold-Hatch, Ph.D., Professor of Sociology,
Mt. San Antonio College, Walnut, CA
- Sherman D. Hanna, Ph.D., Professor, Consumer and
Textile Sciences Department, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Sally Hass, Benefits Education Manager, Weyerhauser,
Employee Benefits, Federal Way, WA
- Catherine Hawes, Ph.D., Program on Aging and Long-Term
Care, Social and Health Policy Research Center, Research Triangle Institute,
Research Triangle Park, NC
- Celia Ray Hayhoe, Ph.D.. C.F.P.R., Family Financial
Management, Cooperative Extension Specialist, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg,
VA
- Rona S. Henry, M.B.A., M.P.H., The Robert Wood Johnson
Foundation, Princeton, NJ
- Jean M. Hogarth, Ph.D., Consumer & Community
Affairs, Federal Reserve Board, Washington, DC
- Karen C. Holden, Ph.D., Professor of Public Affairs
and Consumer Science, La Follette School of Public Affairs, University
of Wisconsin, Madison, WI
- Andrew Holmes, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Business
Management Department, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT
- Harriet Howe. Ph.D., Visiting Assistant Professor
of Sociology, University of North Florida, Jacksonville, FL
- Donald A. Hunsberger, Esq., The Law Offices of Donald
A. Hunsberger, Orange, CA
- Kennes C. Huntley, C.L.U., Department of Finance,
Insurance and Real Estate, Mankato State University, Mankato, MN
- Gail A. Jensen. Ph.D., Professor, Institute of Gerontology,
Wayne State University, Detroit, Ml
- David R. Johanson, Esq., Johanson Berenson LLP,
Attorneys & Counselors at Law, Napa, CA
- Marshall B. Kapp, J.D., M.P.H., Office of Geriatric
Medicine & Gerontology, Wright State University School of Medicine,
Dayton, OH
- Enid Kassner, M.S.W., Senior Policy Advisor, AARP
Public Policy Institute, Washington, DC
- Mary Anne Keefer. B.A., M.A., Adjunct Professor,
Lord Fairfax Community College, Middletown,VA
- T. Erie Keefer, President, Belair Inc., Huntley,
VA
- Chris Kelly, Ph.D. Candidate, University of Southern
California, Andrus Gerontology Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Marilyn C. Kennedy, M.P.A., Public Administration,
University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
- Eun-Jin Kirn, Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Consumer
and Textile Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Andrew S. Kochera, Senior Policy Advisor, AARP Public
Policy Institute, Washington, DC
- James E. Konlande, D.C., Life Chiropractic College
West, San Lorenzo, CA
- Janet L. Kuhn, Esq., Law Offices of Janet Kuhn,
McLean, VA
- Kevin J. Lamiman, Associate Editor, Better Investing
Magazine, National Association of Investors Corporation, Madison Heights,
MI
- Thomas P. Langdon, J.D., Attorney-at-Law, Southington,
CT
- Jinkook Lee, Ph.D., Professor, Department of Consumer
and Textile Sciences, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
- Jean D. LeMasurier, Deputy Director, Health Plan
Benefits Group, Center for Beneficiary Services, Centers for Medicare
and Medicaid Services, Baltimore, MD
- Walter Leutz, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Schneider
Institute for Health Policy, Heller School, Brandeis University, Waltham,
MA
- Phoebe Liebig, Ph.D., Associate Professor, University
of Southern California Andrus Gerontology Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Jo Ann Linck, Accredited Financial Counselor, Russell
Resources and Instructor, Financial Planning, Howard Community College,
Columbia, MD
- Charles F. Longino, Jr., Ph.D., Reynolds Gerontology
Program, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
- Jamie Losikoff-Kent, Senior Research Associate,
Institute for Socio-Financial Studies, Middleburg, VA
- E. Craig MacBean, Senior Research Fellow, Institute
for Socio-Financial Studies, Middleburg, VA
- Ronald J. Manheimer, Ph.D., Executive Director,
North Carolina Center for Creative Retirement, and Research Associate,
Professor of Philosophy, University of North Carolina, Asheville, NC
- Robert D. Manning, Ph.D., Caroline Werner Gannett
Professor of the Humanities, Rochester Institute of Technology, College
of Liberal Arts, Rochester, NY
- Jerry J. McCoy, LL.B., Attorney-at-Law, Law Offices
of Jerry J. McCoy, Washington, DC
- Christopher R. McDowell, Esq., Dinsmore & Shohl
LLP, Cincinnati, OH
- V. Karen McMahon, President/Owner, Telecommute-Now,
Warrenton, VA
- Mary Helen McSweeney, Ph.D., University of Scranton,
Scranton, PA
- Stacey Meshnick, Esq., Ronald Fatoullah & Associates,
Great Neck, Forest Hills, and Brooklyn, NY
- John N. Migliaccio, Ph.D., President, Maturity Mark
Services Co., White Plains, NY, and American Institute of Financial
Gerontology, Deerfield Beach, FL
- Steven S. Miner, Research Director, Ragatz Associates,
Eugene, OR
- Scott A. Miskiel, M.S., Law Offices of Scott A.
Miskiel, Cottonwood, AZ
- Karlyn Mitchell, Ph.D., College of Management, North
Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC
- Harry R. Moody, Ph.D., Senior Associate, International
Longevity Center USA, New York, NY
- Robert J. Morlock, Ph.D., Global Outcomes Research,
Pfizer Pharmaceuticals Group, Ann Arbor, Ml
- Cyril Morong, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Economics,
San Antonio College, San Antonio, TX
- Nancy Morrow-Howell, Ph.D., School of Social Work,
Washington University, St. Louis, MO
- Phyllis H. Mutschler, Ph.D., Executive Director,
National Center on Women and Aging, Heller School for Social Policy
and Management, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA
- Robert J. Myers, LL.D., International Actuarial
Consultant, Silver Spring, MD
- Rajesh Narayanan, M.B.A., Ph.D., Assistant Professor
and Gardner Fellow of Finance, Department of Finance, Ohio University,
Athens, OH
- Robert Newcomer, Ph.D., Professor, University of
California, San Francisco, CA
- Brenda Watson Newmann, C.R.P.C., Financial Author/Writer
and Chartered Retirement Planning Counselor, Half Moon Bay, CA
- Christy Nishita, Ph.D. Candidate, Research Assistant,
Andrus Gerontology Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles,
CA
- John R. Nofsinger, Ph.D., Assistant Professor of
Finance, Department of Finance, Insurance, and Real Estate, College
of Business and Economics, Washington State University, Pullman, WA
- Barbara O'Neill, Ph.D., Interim Extension Specialist
in Financial Resource Management, Rutgers Cooperative Extension, Newton,
NJ
- Tonya M. Parrott, Ph.D., Professor of Sociology
& Gerontology, Quinnipiac University, Hamden, CT
- Mars A. Peril, Ph.D., Fogelman College of Business
and Economics, The University of Memphis, Memphis, TN
- Ronald Peterson, M.S., President/CEO, Three Arrows
Capital Corp., Bethesda, MD
- Diane S. Piktialis, Ph.D., Work-Life Product Director,
Ceridian, Boston, MA
- Stephen L. Poe, Ph.D., Department of Business and
Finance Administration, University of North Texas, Denton, TX
- Nancy C. Porter, Ph.D.. C.F.C.S., Interim Department
Chair for Family and Youth Development, Interim State Program Leader
for Family and Consumer Sciences, Clemson, SC
- Janice K. Purk, Ph.D., State University of West
Georgia, Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Criminology, Carrollton,
GA
- Jon Pynoos, Ph.D., Andrus Gerontology Center, University
of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA
- Patricia Quigley, Ph.D., James A. Haley VA Hospital,
Patient Safety Center, Tampa, FL
- Ganas K. Rakes, Ph.D., Finance Department, Ohio
University, Athens, OH
- Sandra L. Reynolds, Ph.D., Associate Professor,
Department of Gerontology, University of South Florida, College of Arts
& Sciences, Tampa, FL
- Suzanne Reynolds-Scanlon, Ph.D. Candidate, Department
of Gerontology, University of South Florida, College of Arts & Sciences,
Tampa, FL
- Dorothy P. Rice, Sc.D. (Hon.), Professor Emeritus,
University of California, San Francisco, CA
- Jihane K. Rohrbacker, Communications Director, National
Association of Professional Geriatric Care Managers, Tucson, AZ
- Jeffrey I. Roth, MA, J.D., Professor of Law, Touro
College Law Center, Huntington, NY
- Linda R. Rounds, Ph.D., School of Nursing, University
of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX
- N. Lee Rucker, M.S.P.H., National Council on Patient
Information and Education (NCPIE), Bethesda, MD
- Thomas V. Rush, Ph.D., Social Security Administration,
Office of Disability and Income Security Programs, Office of Program
Development and Research, Baltimore, MD
- Debra S. Sacks, R.N., J.D., Senior Staff Attorney,
Samuel Sadin Institute on Law, Brookdale Center on Aging of Hunter College,
City University of New York, New York, NY
- Dallas L. Salisbury, M.P.A., A.B.D., Chief Staff
Executive, Employee Benefit Research Institute, Washington, DC
- Ann Elizabeth Sammon, Senior Manager, Membership
Section, American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, New York,
NY
- Judith A. Sangl, Sc.D., Agency for HealthCare Research
and Quality, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD
- Kathleen K. Scholl, Ph.D., Consumer Economics, General
Accounting Office, Washington, DC
- Dennis G. Shea, Ph.D., Professor, Health Policy
and Administration, Penn State University, University Park, PA
- Jurg K. Siegenthaler, Ph.D., Professor Emeritus,
Department of Sociology, American University, Washington, DC
- Linda A. Siegenthaler, M.A., Consultant, Silver
Spring, MD
- Michael A. Smyer, Ph.D., Dean & Associate Vice
President for Research, Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, Boston
College, Chestnut Hill, MA
- Ben J. Sopranzetti, Ph.D., Assistant Professor,
Rutgers University, Department of Finance, Piscataway, NJ
- Richard H. Stanton, C.P.B.A., C.P.V.A., Bukowski-Stanton
Associates, New Hope, PA
- Norman Stein, Ph.D., Visiting Professor, University
of Maine School of Law, Portland, ME
- Catherine M. Sullivan, M.P.A., The Brookings Institution,
Washington, DC
- Ralph B. Swisher, Ph.D., Department of Homeland
Security, Washington, DC
- Kenn Tacchino, J.D., LL.M., Professor of Taxation
and Financial Planning, Accounting, Law & Taxation Department, Widener
University, Chester, PA
- Lynn Q. Taylor, Senior Policy Analyst, Institute
for Health Policy Solutions, Washington, DC
- Margo Thorning, Ph.D., Senior Vice President and
Chief Economist, American Council for Capital Formation, Washington,
DC
- John H. Thornton, Ph.D., C.L.U., College of Business
Administration, University of Texas, Denton, TX
- Paul Thrasher, C.P.A., Halt, Jackson and Thrasher,
Alexandria, VA
- Sandra Timmermann. Ed.D., Director, Mature Market
Institute, MetLife, Westport, CT
- David J. Tolan, J.D., C.L.U., Tolan Schueller, Inc.,
Milwaukee, WI
- Ronald Turner, J.D., George Butler Research Professor
and Professor of Law, The University of Houston Law Center, Houston,
TX
- Peter Uhlenberg, Ph.D., Department of Sociology,
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC
- Jack L. VanDerhei, Ph.D., Department of Risk, Insurance,
and Healthcare Management, The Fox School of Business and Management,
Temple University, Philadelphia, PA
- Valentine M. Villa, Ph.D., Adjunct Assistant Professor,
UCLA Public Health-Community Health Sciences, Los Angeles, CA
- Lois A. Vitt, Ph.D., Director and Founder, Institute
for Socio-Financial Studies, Middleburg, VA
- Anne S. Welch, M.A., Program in Human Development
and Social Policy, School of Education and Social Policy, Northwestern
University, Evanston, IL
- Paul Westbrook, C.F.P., Westbrook Financial Advisers,
Westfield, NJ
- Robert Whaples, Ph.D., Department of Economics,
Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC
- Monika White, President/CEO, Center for Healthy
Aging, Santa Monica, CA
- Joshua M. Wiener, Ph.D., The Urban Institute, Washington,
DC
- Steven Wilber, Ph.D., Research Associate, American
Council for Capital Formation, Washington, DC
- Bradley R. Williams, PharmD, Associate Professor,
University of Southern California School of Pharmacy and Andrus Gerontology
Center, Los Angeles, CA
- Flora Williams, Ph.D., Consumer and Family Sciences,
Purdue University, Lafayette, IN
- David P. Willis, M.P.H., National Institute on Aging,
Bethesda, MD
- Louisa Woodville, M.A., M.B.A., Intersections Inc.,
Chantilly, VA
- David L. Wray, President, Profit Sharing/401K Council
of America, Chicago, IL
- Bernadette Wright, Ph.D., Policy Research Analyst,
AARP Public Policy Institute, Washington,DC
- James D. Wright, Ph.D., Department of Sociology
& Anthropology, University of Central Florida,Orlando, FL
- Rui Yao, Ph.D., Assistant Professor, South Dakota
State University, Brookings, SD
- Sarah Zapolsky, M.S., Senior Research Advisor, Knowledge
Management/Membership Group, AARP, Washington, DC
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